HomeCyberSecurity What is Hacking in Cyber Security - DPExploids Dhruv Patel August 13, 2024 0 .. My Registration Form First name: Last name: Email: Password: Re-Type password: control and coordination Life process LIFE PROCESSES Nutrition The process of acquiring food that is needed for nourishment and sustenance of the organism is called nutrition. To know more about nutrition click here Autotrophic nutrition CO2+H2O forms C6+ H12+ O6 If an organism can nourish itself by making its own food using sunlight or chemicals such mode of nutrition is called as autotrophic nutrition. Photosynthesis Stomata to know more about Autotrophic nutrition click here Heteotrophic nutrition Heterotrophs are entirely reliant on autotrophs for their food. Heterotrophic nutrition is divided into three categories: Holozoic Nutrition Saprophytic Nutrition Parasitic Nutrition Nutrition in Human beings The human digestive system comprises of the alimentary canal and associated digestive glands. Salivary gland Gastric gland Liver Pancreas Respiration The process by which a living being utilises the food to get energy, is called respiration. Respiration is an oxidation reaction in which carbohydrate is oxidized to produce energy. Mitochondria is the site of respiration and the energy released is stored in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is stored in mitochondria and is released as per need. Types of respiration Aerobic Anaerobic glucose glucose cytoplasm and mitochondriacytoplasm water and CO2lactic acid to know more about AEROBIC RESPIRATION click here Heart The muscular organ which is located near the chest, slightly towards the left in the thoracic region. The heart is the main pumping organ of the body. The human heart is divided into four chambers which are involved in the transportation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The upper two chambers are called atria, whereas the lower two chambers are called ventricles. to know more about HEART click here CONTROL AND COORDINATION Introduction to Control & Coordination Organisms move in response to various kinds of stimuli like light, heat, nutrients/food, etc. All the activities in animals are controlled and coordinated by the nervous and endocrine systems. Hormones are chemical messengers which assist the nervous system in carrying out various functions. They are secreted by endocrine glands. Hormones in plants coordinate the movements. Nervous System Control and coordination are provided by nervous and muscular tissues. Nervous tissue is made up of an organized network of nerve cells or neurons which is specialized for conducting information via electrical impulses from one part of the body to another. Receptors Ear: It acts as phonoreceptors (receiving sound). It helps in hearing and maintaining the balance of body. Eyes: It acts as photoreceptors (receiving light). It helps in seeing Nose: It acts as olfactory receptors (sense of smell). It helps in the detection of the smell. Neuron It is the structural and functional unit of nervous system. Functioning of Neuron The information from receptors is acquired at the end of the dendritic tip of a nerve cell as chemical reaction that creates an electrical impulse. This impulse travels from the dendrite to the cell body and then at the end of the axon. Chemicals are released at the end of the axon by the effect of electrical impulse. These chemicals cross the gap (synapse) and start a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of the next neuron. Parts of Neuron Dendrite: It acquires information. Cell body: The information acquired by it travels as an electrical impulse. Axon: It is the longest fibre on the cell body is called axon. It transmits electrical impulse from cell body to dendrite of next neuron. Reflex Action Reflex action is quick, sudden and immediate response of the body to a stimulus. Example: Knee jerk, withdrawal of hand on touching hot object. Stimulus:It is observable or detectable change in the external or internal environment to which an organism reacts. Reflex arc: The pathway through which nerve impulses pass during reflex action is called reflex arc. Three types of responses: Voluntary: Controlled by fore brain. Example: talking, writing Involuntary: Controlled by mid and hind brain. Example: heart beat, vomiting, respiration. Reflex action: Controlled by spinal cord. Example: withdrawal of hand on touching a hot object Human Nervous System Human nervous system consists of two parts, Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS). Central nervous system consists of Brain and Spinal Cord. Human Brain Brain is the main coordinating centre of the body. It has three major parts: Fore-brain Mid-brain Hind-brain Coordination between Nervous and Muscular Tissue For taking place the voluntary actions, the brain has to send messages to muscles. The communication between the central nervous system and the other parts of the body is facilitated by the peripheral nervous system consisting of cranial nerves arising from the brain and spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord. The brain thus allows us to think and take actions based on that thinking. This is accomplished through a complex design, with different parts of the brain responsible for integrating different inputs and outputs. You Might Like View all
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